Michael A R Biggs

Biggs, Michael A.R. (2026) “What are the Problems Around a Lingua Franca?” Bull Eur Assoc Prof Emer 2026; 7 (1), 22-24.
ISSN 2945-0381
https://europemeriti.org/bulletin/EAPE_BULLETIN_ISSUE_2026-7-1_01-45.pdf

Biggs, Michael A.R. (2026) “Is Language Hegemony an Ethical Issue?” Bull Eur Assoc Prof Emer 2026; 7 (1), 24-27.
ISSN 2945-0381
https://europemeriti.org/bulletin/EAPE_BULLETIN_ISSUE_2026-7-1_01-45.pdf

Biggs, Michael A.R. (2025) “Writing it Up and Writing it Down: notation for interdisciplinary research” in: AMPS Proceedings 38 (1), 241-248. Conference title: “Learning, Life, Work”. San Francisco, 10-12 June 2024.
ISSN 2398-9467
https://amps-research.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/Amps-Proceedings-Series-38.1.pdf

Biggs, Michael A.R. (2024) “Writing it Up and Writing it Down: notation for interdisciplinary research” Conference video presentation for Learning-Life-Work AMPS conference San Francisco.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FhvFGYJUd1c

Biggs, Michael A.R. (2023) “Language and Interdisciplinarity” Bull Eur Assoc Prof Emer 2023; 4 (4), 96-97.
ISSN 2945-0381
https://europemeriti.org/bulletin/EAPE_BULLETIN_ISSUE_2023-4-4_89-114.pdf

Biggs, Michael A.R. (2023) “Speaking, Writing and Thinking: linguistic relativity and research” In: Pérez- Aldeguer, S. (Ed.), Teaching and Learning Projects in Arts and Humanities. Madrid, Adaya Press, 1-12.
Copyright: CC BY-NC 4.0
ISBN: 978-84-124511-8-4
DOI: 10.58909/ad23864146
https://www.adayapress.com/teaching-and-learning-projects-in-arts-and-humanities/

Biggs, Michael A.R. (2023) “Unspeakable Originality” in: MusicoGuia (eds) CIVAE 2023: 5th Interdisciplinary and Virtual Conference on Arts in Education. Madrid, Adaya Press, 27-30.
Copyright: CC BY-NC 4.0
ISBN (print) 9788412451191. e-ISSN 2445-3641
DOI: 10.58909/ad23571835

Biggs, Michael A.R. (2022) “What About NOT: a Tertúlia Fenomenológica”. Phenomenology and Practice, 17 (1): 172-189. Special Issue: “Practices of Phenomenological and Artistic Research”
ISSN 1913-4711
DOI: 10.29173/pandpr29447
URL: https://journals.library.ualberta.ca/pandpr/index.php/pandpr/article/view/29447/21481

Biggs, Michael A.R. (2021) “Wittgenstein’s Picture-Investigations” In: Basu, A., Stapleton, G., Linker, S., Legg, C., Manalo, E., & Viana, P. (Eds.) Diagrammatic Representation and Inference. Series: Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence 12909, Chapter 10. Switzerland: Springer Nature, 103-117.
DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-86062-2_10
ISBN: 978-3-030-86061-5 (print) 978-3-030-86062-2 (eBook)
acceptance date 15 June 2021

Biggs, M. (2021). “Wittgenstein’s Bridge. A Linguistic Account of Visual Representation”. JOLMA. The Journal for the Philosophy of Language, Mind and the Arts, 2 (1), 171-186.
ISSN: 2723-9640
DOI: 10.30687/Jolma/2723-9640/2021/01/010

Biggs, Michael. (2021). ‘Wittgenstein’s Images in Focus’. Academia Letters, 17 February 2021.
DOI: 10.20935/AL346
https://www.academia.edu/45156302/Wittgensteins_Images_in_Focus

Biggs, Michael, Alois Pichler & Joseph Wang-Kathrein (ed.) (2020). Bergen Nachlass Edition. Bergen: Wittgenstein Archives at the University of Bergen. http://www.wittgensteinsource.org

Biggs, M. A. R. (2019). The Knowledge Creation Spectrum. in: Provoking the Field: International Perspectives on Visual Arts PhDs in Education. Sinner, A., R. L. Irwin and J. Adams (eds.). Bristol, Intellect: 15-24.
ISBN 978-1-78320-991-0
DOI: 10.2307/j.ctv36xvn1m.4

Biggs, M. A. R. (2018). Non-human Intention and Meaning-Making: An Ecological Theory. In: Cognitive Architectures. Intelligent Systems, Control and Automation. Ferreira, M. I. A., J. S. Sequeira and R. Ventura, Springer Nature Switzerland AG: 195-204.
ISBN 978-3319975498
DOI 10.1007/978-3-319-97550-4_12

Biggs, M.A.R. (2018) Graphetics: when mark-making becomes writing. Drawing: Research, Theory, Practice, 3 (1), 13-28.
ISSN 2057-0384
DOI 10.1386/drtp.3.1.13_1

Abello, Marisabella De Castro, Michael Biggs & Sue Halliday (2017) Service Design Within the Public Sector in the Northern Region of Colombia: Governance and Community Challenges. In: Cobanoglu, Cihan, Fred DeMicco, Patrick J. Moreo and Alfonso Morvillo (eds.) Global Conference on Services Management. Conference publication for GLOSERV 2017: Volterra, Italy, 3-7 October 2017: 105-108.
ISSN 2372-5885

Biggs, M. A. R. (2017). Doctorateness: where should we look for evidence? In: Perspectives on Research Assessment in Architecture, Music and the Arts. F. Nilsson, H. Dunin-Woyseth and N. Janssens. London, Routledge: 3-14.
DOI: 10.4324/9781315526652-1
ISBN 978-1138695573

Webb, J., K. Brophy and M. Biggs (eds.) (2017) TEXT: Journal of Writing and Writing Courses, Special Issue 40: Making it new: Finding contemporary meanings for creativity.
http://www.textjournal.com.au/speciss/issue40/content.htm

Biggs, M. A. R. (2017) "What Counts as New?" TEXT: Journal of Writing and Writing Courses. Special Issue Series 40. http://www.textjournal.com.au/speciss/issue40/content.htm
DOI: 10.52086/001c.25990

Biggs, M and D. Büchler (2016) Research into Practice and A/r/tography: a Study of Kinship, in: Lucero, J. (ed.) (2016). Mere and Easy: collage as a critical practice in pedagogy. University of Illinois Press, 60-70.
ISBN 978-0-252-08243-6
Reprinted from Biggs, M and D. Büchler (2012).

Biggs, M.A.R. (2014) Book Review: Experimental Systems. In: Future Knowledge in Artistic Research, Michael Schwab (Ed.) (2013) Leuven: Leuven University Press, 230 pp., In: Art Design and Communication in Higher Education 13 (2): 215-225
ISSN 1474-273X
DOI: 10.1386/adch.13.2.215_5

Biggs, M.A.R. (2014) An activity theory of research methods in architecture and urbanism. City, Territory and Architecture, 1 (1): 16 (22 December 2014).
http://www.cityterritoryarchitecture.com/content/1/1/16
SpringerLink open access http://www.springer.com/-/0/c0aa95924b6e4c09b42c68f0aa27f369
DOI: 10.1186/s40410-014-0016-z
ISSN 2195-2701

Kocaturk, T., M. A. R. Biggs and R. Koeck (2014). [Re]searching [im]probable, [im]possible and [un]desirable design futures. In: Smitheram, J., J. Moloney and S. Twose, eds. Architectural Design Research Symposium 2014 at the 14th Venice Architecture Biennale. New Zealand: Victoria University of Wellington, 98-100.
ISBN 978-0-475-12415-9

Biggs, M. and D. Büchler (2014) The Meaningful Exposition. In: Schwab, Michael, and Henk Borgdorff, (eds.) The Exposition of Artistic Research: Publishing Art in Academia. Leiden: Leiden University Press, pp.81-91.
ISBN 978-9087281649

Biggs, M. and D. Büchler (2013) Inferring a collective concept of research from the actions of the art and design research community. Art, Design and Communication in Higher Education, 12 (1), 7-19.
ISSN 1474-273X
DOI: 10.1386/adch.12.1.7_1

Biggs, M and D. Büchler (2012) Research into Practice and A/r/tography: a Study of Kinship. Visual Arts Research, 38 (2), 28-38. ISSN 0736-0770.
DOI: 10.5406/visuartsrese.38.2.0028
reprinted in Biggs & Buchler 2016.

Biggs, M and D. Büchler (2012) Postscript. TEXT Special Issue 14. ISSN 1327-9556.
http://www.textjournal.com.au/speciss/issue14/content.htm
http://hdl.handle.net/2299/9139
DOI: 10.52086/001c.31160

Biggs, M and D. Büchler (2012) Show and Tell: Symbolic Identity of the Architectural Profession. In: Cole, A. D. and J. da S. Ribeiro (eds.) Espaço, Mediação e Comunicação. Volume 2, pp.17-24. São Paulo: Altamira Editorial.
ISBN 978-85-99518-14-4
http://hdl.handle.net/10400.2/2311

Rocco, R., Biggs, M., Büchler, D. and R. Rooij (2012) Teaching for Urbanism: a didactical experience in a newly academicized area. In: Planning's Future-Futures Planning: Planning in an Era of Global (Un)Certainty and Transformation. Proceedings of the 3rd World Planning Schools Congress, Perth, Australia, 4-8 July 2011
ISBN 978-1-74052-237-3
URL: http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:a326b279-e15b-46b6-9466-3fc06fc8ebe3

Biggs, M and D. Büchler (2011) ‘Text-led and Object-led Research Paradigms: doing without words’ In: Lees-Maffei (ed) Writing Design: words and objects. London: Berg, 229-239.
ISBN 978-1847889553
DOI: 10.5040/9781474294089.ch-016

Lima, A.G.G., Büchler, D.M., Biggs, M.A.R., Perrone, R.A.C., Zein, R.V., Santos, C.H.R. dos, Villac, M.I., Bastos, M.A.J. (2011) Indicadores de Pesquisa Acadêmica em Áreas de Prática Projetual. In: Anais do V° Congresso Projetar: Processos de Projeto: Teorias e Práticas. Belo Horizonte, Brasil: Escola de Arquitetura da UFMG, NPGAU.
http://hdl.handle.net/2299/7516

Pichler, A., M. Biggs & S.A. Szeltner (2011) Bibliographie der deutsch- und englischsprachigen Wittgenstein-Ausgaben. In: Lütterfelds, W., S. Majetschak, R. Raatzsch & W. Vossenkuhl (eds) Wittgenstein-Studien. Berlin: de Gruyter, 249–286.
ISBN 978-3-11-023622-4.
DOI: 10.1515/9783110236231.249
http://hdl.handle.net/2299/5982
http://www.ilwg.eu/files/Wittgenstein_Bibliographie.pdf

Biggs, M., D. Büchler & S. Nelson (2011) Social Dynamics of Knowledge Communication within Higher Education: the case of an Art-Science collaboration. In: da Rocha Brito, C. & Ciampi, M.M. Interactive Expansion of Knowledge: communicating with art in the information era. Proceedings of WCCA2011 World Conference on Communication and Arts. São Paulo: COPEC Science and Education Research Council.
ISBN 978-85-89120-91-3.
http://hdl.handle.net/2299/7582

Büchler, D., M. Biggs & L-H. Ståhl (2011) A Critical Mapping of Practice-Based Research as Evidenced by Swedish Architectural Theses. International Journal of Art and Design Education, 30 (2): 164-183.
ISSN 1476-8062.
DOI: 10.1111/j.1476-8070.2011.01690.x

Biggs, M., D. Büchler, R. Rocco and C. Schjerven (2011) The Production of Academic Research and some Barriers to Academicization in the Creative and Performing Arts. Proceedings of the International Conference of Education, Research and Innovation, (CD), 378-385.
http://www.iceri2010.org
ISBN 978-84-614-2439-9.
Archived at http://hdl.handle.net/2299/7382

Biggs, M. and D. Büchler (2011) Transdisciplinarity and New Paradigm Research. In: Doucet, I. and N. Janssens (eds.) Transdisciplinary Knowledge Production in Architecture and Urbanism. Towards hybrid modes of inquiry. Springer Verlag, Urban and Landscape Perspectives Series, 63-78.
ISBN 978-94-007-0103-8.
DOI: 10.1007/978-94-007-0104-5_5

Lima, A. G. G., Büchler, D., Biggs, M., Perrone, R. A. C., Santos, C. R., Zein, R. V. & Cecco, A. (2010) Pesquisa Acadêmica em Áreas de Prática Projetual: Bases de Projeto de Pesquisa. in: 6º Forum de Pesquisa FAU-Mackenzie. Pesquisa em Arquitetura e Design: Interlocuções e Perspectivas - Anais, 2010. São Paulo. FAUUSP-Mackenzie.

Biggs, M. and D. Büchler (2011) Some Consequences of the Academicization of Design Practice. Design Philosophy Papers, 9 (1), 41-55.
ISSN 1448-7136
DOI: 10.2752/144871311x13968752924437
https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.2752/144871311X13968752924437

Lima, A.G.G., M. Biggs and D. Büchler (2010) The Value of Architectural Sketches. Working Papers on Design, 4.
ISSN 1470-5516
http://sitem.herts.ac.uk/artdes_research/papers/wpdesign/wpdvol4/vol4.html

Büchler, D. and M. Biggs (2010) Oito Critérios para Pesquisa Acadêmica em Áreas de Prática Projetual. Revista PÓS, 27, 136-152 [Portuguese].
DOI: 10.11606/issn.2317-2762.v0i27p136-152

Biggs, M. and Karlsson, H. (eds) (2010) The Routledge Companion to Research in the Arts. London: Routledge.
ISBN 978-0415581691
DOI: 10.4324/9780203841327

Biggs, M. and Büchler, D. (2010) Communities, Values, Conventions and Actions. In: Biggs, M. and Karlsson, H. (eds) The Routledge Companion to Research in the Arts. London: Routledge, 82-98.
ISBN 978-0415581691
DOI: 10.4324/9780203841327-14

Biggs, M. and Karlsson, H. (2010) Evaluating Quality in Artistic Research. In: Biggs, M. and Karlsson, H. (eds) The Routledge Companion to Research in the Arts. London: Routledge, 405-424.
ISBN 978-0415581691
DOI: 10.4324/9780203841327-34

Rocco, R., M. Biggs and D. Büchler (2010) An International Collaboration for the Development of a Research Training Course in an Emergent Academic Discipline. In: Gómez-Chova, L., D. Martí Belenguer, I. Candel Torres (eds) INTED2010 Proceedings, (CD). Valencia: International Association for Technology, Education and Development, 1081-1087.
ISBN 978-84-613-5538-9.
http://hdl.handle.net/2299/4815

Lima, A.G.G., C.R. Santos, R.A.C. Perrone, R.V. Zein, D.M. Büchler, M.A.R. Biggs, A. Cecco, and A. Guerra (2009) Arquitetura: projeto, pesquisa e ensino, um percurso. In: V Forum de Pesquisa Mackenzie, 2009, São Paulo. 5o Forum de Pesquisa FAU-Mackenzie: Retrospectiva e Futuros Desafios para a Pesquisa em Arquitetura, Urbanismo e Design - Anais. São Paulo: FAU-Mackenzie.
ISSN 2176-1809
http://hdl.handle.net/2299/7583

Büchler, D. and M. Biggs (2009) Pesquisa Acadêmica e Práctica Projetual. Revista PÓS 16, (26): 168-183 [Portuguese].
ISSN 1518-9554
DOI: 10.11606/issn.2317-2762.v0i26p168-183
http://www.usp.br/fau/public/pos/26/
http://hdl.handle.net/2299/4713

Büchler, D., M. Biggs and R. Rocco (2009). A Pedagogical Proposal in an Area of Epistemological Uncertainty. In: Zein, R. (ed.) Projeto como Invesigação: antologia. São Paulo: Altermarket, §357.
ISBN 978-85-88157-12-5
http://hdl.handle.net/2299/4393

Büchler, D., M. Biggs and A.G.G. Lima (2009). Drawing Out the Value of Drawings. In: Zein, R. (ed.) Projeto como Invesigação: antologia. São Paulo: Altermarket, §488.
ISBN 978-85-88157-12-5
http://hdl.handle.net/2299/4394

Büchler, D., M. Biggs and L-H. Ståhl (2009) Areas of Design Practice as an Alternative Research Paradigm. Design Principles and Practices: an international journal, 3 (2) 327-338.
ISSN 1833-1874
http://hdl.handle.net/2299/4715
DOI: 10.18848/1833-1874/cgp/v03i02/37652

Biggs, M.A.R. and D. Büchler (2009) Supervision in an Alternative Paradigm. TEXT: The Journal of Writers and Writing Courses, 13, Special Issue 6 –Supervising the Creative Arts Research Higher Degree: Towards Best Practice.
ISSN: 1327-9556
DOI: 10.52086/001c.31578
http://www.textjournal.com.au/speciss/issue6/content.htm
http://hdl.handle.net/2299/4395

Biggs, M.A.R. and D. Büchler (2009) A Retórica da Academia e os Limites da Comunicação. In: Proceedings of the World Congress on Communication and Arts. São Caetano do Sul, Brazil. Conselho de Pesquisas em Educação e Ciências. [Portuguese].
http://hdl.handle.net/2299/4721

Büchler, D., Biggs, M.A.R., G. Sandin & L-H. Ståhl. (2009). Projeto Arquitetônico eo Problema da Pesquisa Baseada na Prática. Cadernos de Pós-Graduação em Arquitetura e Urbanismo, 8 (2)
ISSN 1809-4120.
http://www.mackenzie.br/dhtm/seer/index.php/cpgau/article/view/Biggs.2009.2/311
http://hdl.handle.net/2299/4402

Biggs, M.A.R. and D. Büchler (2009) Breaking into the Epistemological Problems of Research. In: CEPA2009: The Expression of Subjectivity in the Performing Arts.
Online CEPA conference proceedings. University of Valencia.
http://hdl.handle.net/2299/4399

Rocco, R. M. Biggs and D. Büchler (2009) Design Practice and Research: interconnections and the criterion-based approach. In: Malins, J. (Ed.) European Academy of Design: Design Connexity. Aberdeen, EAD & Robert Gordon University, 375-380.
http://hdl.handle.net/2299/4400

Biggs, M.A.R. and D. Büchler (2008) Eight Criteria for Practice-based Research in the Creative and Cultural Industries. Art, Design and Communication in Higher Education, 7 (1) 5-18,
DOI: 10.1386/adch.7.1.5_1
ISSN 1474-273X
http://hdl.handle.net/2299/4412

Biggs, M.A.R. and D. Büchler. (2008) Architectural Practice and Academic Research. Nordic Journal of Architectural Research, 20 (1) 83-94.
ISSN 1102-5824
http://hdl.handle.net/2299/4405

Biggs, M.A.R. (2008) Editorial: the problem of interpretation in research in the visual and performing arts. Working Papers in Art and Design, 5
ISSN 1466-4917
http://sitem.herts.ac.uk/artdes_research/papers/wpades/vol5/mbintro.html
http://hdl.handle.net/2299/4404

Biggs, M.A.R., D. Büchler and R.A.C. Perrone (2007) Academic Research in Areas of Design Practice. in: Anais do 4º Congresso Internacional de Pesquisa em Design. Rio de Janeiro: ANPED Associação Nacional de Pesquisa em Design.
ISBN 978-85-89289-04-7
http://hdl.handle.net/2299/4827

Biggs, M.A.R. and D. Büchler. (2007) Rigour and Practice-based Research. Design Issues, 23 (3) 62-69.
ISSN 0747-9360
DOI:10.1162/desi.2007.23.3.62
http://hdl.handle.net/2299/4414

Biggs, Michael A.R. (2007) Lära av erfarenhet, och En kommentar till Michael A R Biggs. Monitor, 1 87-110.
ISSN 1653-9958
URL: https://gupea.ub.gu.se/handle/2077/21701

Büchler, D. M. & M. A. R. Biggs. (2006) The designed object that we know and see. In: Design Research Society International Conference Proceedings. Edited by Friedman, K., T. Love, E. Côrte-Real & C. Rust. Lisbon, Portugal: Centro Editorial do IADE.
ISBN 978-972-98701-7-0. Available online at http://www.iade.pt/drs2006/wonderground/proceedings/fullpapers/DRS2006_0257.pdf
http://hdl.handle.net/2299/4382

Niedderer, K., M. Biggs and M. Ferris. (2006) The Research Exhibition: context, interpretation, and knowledge creation. In: Design Research Society International Conference Proceedings. Edited by Friedman, K., T. Love, E. Côrte-Real & C. Rust. Lisbon, Portugal: Centro Editorial do IADE.
ISBN 978-972-98701-7-0. Available online at http://www.iade.pt/drs2006/wonderground/proceedings/fullpapers/DRS2006_0120.pdf
http://hdl.handle.net/2299/4383

Lin, T-J. & M.A.R. Biggs. (2006) A preliminary study of learnable pictogram languages. In: Design Research Society International Conference Proceedings. Edited by Friedman, K., T. Love, E. Côrte-Real & C. Rust. Lisbon, Portugal: Centro Editorial do IADE.
ISBN 978-972-98701-7-0. Available online at http://www.iade.pt/drs2006/wonderground/proceedings/fullpapers/DRS2006_0133.pdf
http://hdl.handle.net/2299/4384

Biggs, M.A.R. (2006) Modelling Experiential Knowledge for Research. In: Mäkelä, M and S. Routarinne (eds.) Art of Research: research practices in art and design. Helsinki: University of Art and Design Helsinki, 180-204.
ISBN 978-951-558-218-8
http://hdl.handle.net/2299/4717

Biggs, M.A.R. (2006) Necessary, Unnecessary and Sufficient Conditions. In: Design Research Society International Conference Proceedings. Edited by Friedman, K., T. Love, E. Côrte-Real & C. Rust. Lisbon, Portugal: Centro Editorial do IADE.
ISBN 978-972-98701-7-0
http://www.iade.pt/drs2006/wonderground/proceedings/fullpapers/DRS2006_0294.pdf
http://hdl.handle.net/2299/4376

Biggs, M.A.R. (2006) Editorial: the role of context in art and design research. Working Papers in Art and Design, 4, Electronic publication. Hatfield: University of Hertfordshire.
ISSN 1466-4917
http://www.sitem.herts.ac.uk/artdes_research/papers/wpades/vol4/mbintro.html
http://hdl.handle.net/2299/149

Biggs, M.A.R. (2005) ‘Rescue Supervision’ Idade da Imagem, 3 (2) Maio-Agosto 2005, pp.136-140.
ISSN 1645-0256
http://hdl.handle.net/2299/4716

Biggs, M.A.R. (2005) ‘The Solution that Works’ in: Côrte-Real, E., C. Duarte and F. Carvalho Rodrigues (eds.) Pride and Predesign: the cultural heritage and the science of design. Lisbon: Instituto de Artes Visuais Design e Marketing, 377-382.
ISBN 972-98701-3-6
http://www.sitem.herts.ac.uk/artdes_research/tvad/mb/2005a.pdf
http://hdl.handle.net/2299/4377

reprinted as:
‘The Solution that Works’ in: Salmi, E. and J. Lantto Cumulus Working Papers 14/05, Helsinki: University of Art and Design, 2005 44-49.
ISBN 951-558-185-0, ISSN 1456-307X
http://www.uiah.fi/cumulus

Biggs, M.A.R. (2005) ‘Visualisation and Wittgenstein's ‘Tractatus’’ in: Malcolm, M. (ed.) Multidisciplinary Approaches to Visual Representations and Interpretations. Amsterdam: Elsevier B.V. 293-303.
ISBN 0-444-51463-5
DOI: 10.1016/S1571-0831(04)80049-2
http://hdl.handle.net/2299/4413

Biggs, M.A.R. (2004) ‘Editorial: the role of the artefact in art and design research’ Working Papers in Art and Design, 3, Electronic publication. Hatfield: University of Hertfordshire.
ISSN 1466-4917
http://www.sitem.herts.ac.uk/artdes_research/papers/wpades/vol3/mbintro.html
http://hdl.handle.net/2299/152

Biggs, M.A.R. (2004) ‘Learning from Experience: approaches to the experiential component of practice-based research’ in: Karlsson, H. (ed.) Forskning-Reflektion-Utveckling. Stockholm: Swedish Research Council, 6-21.
http://hdl.handle.net/2299/1775

translated into Swedish by Fredrik Svensk as
‘Lära av erfarenhet’ Art Monitor 1 (Göteborg University, 2007), 87-100.
followed by a critical commentary by Mats Rosengren ‘En kommentar till Michael Biggs’ Art Monitor 1, 103-111
ISSN 1653-9958

Biggs, M.A.R. (2004) ‘What Characterises Pictures and Text?’ Literary and Linguistic Computing, 19(3): 265-272.
DOI:10.1093/llc/19.3.265
ISSN 1477-4615
http://hdl.handle.net/2299/323

Biggs, M.A.R., A. Pichler, A. Janik, B.F. McGuinness, M. Seekircher. (2003) Using XML to generate research tools for Wittgenstein scholars by collaborative groupwork. EU/AHRB-funded online resource based on a sample of Wittgenstein's writings from September 1914. University of Bergen.
http://wab.uib.no/sept1914/

Biggs, M.A.R. (2003) ‘The role of ‘the work’ in research.’ Electronic publication. Bristol, UK: University of Bristol.
http://www.bris.ac.uk/parip/biggs.htm
http://hdl.handle.net/2299/4378

Biggs, M.A.R. (2002) ‘The role of the artefact in art and design research’ International Journal of Design Sciences and Technology, 10 (2): 19-24.
ISSN 1630-7267
http://hdl.handle.net/2299/324

Biggs, M.A.R. (2002) ‘The Rhetoric of Research’ in: Durling D. & Shackleton J.(Eds.) Common Ground Proceedings of the Design Research Society International Conference at Brunel University, 111-118. Stoke-on Trent, UK: Staffordshire University Press.
ISBN 1904133118
http://hdl.handle.net/2299/4379

Biggs, M.A.R. (2002) ‘Editorial: the concept of knowledge in art and design’ Working Papers in Art and Design, 2, Electronic publication. Hatfield: University of Hertfordshire.
ISSN 1466-4917
http://www.sitem.herts.ac.uk/artdes_research/papers/wpades/vol2/intro02.html
http://hdl.handle.net/2299/151

Biggs, M.A.R. (2001) ‘A Response to Huitfeldt’ Invited Paper at ‘Wittgenstein Research Revisited’, University of Bergen (12-15 December 2001). Lecture recorded and made available via open-access as part of the EU Agora Project at:
https://wab.uib.no/ojs/index.php/agora-wab/article/view/3206

Biggs, M.A.R. (2001) ‘Why Study Wittgenstein’s Diagrams?’ in: Haller, R. and K. Puhl (eds.) Wittgenstein and the Future of Philosophy: a reassessment after 50 years. Vol.1, 95-100. Kirchberg a/W, Austria: Die Österreichische Ludwig Wittgenstein Gesellschaft.
ISSN 1022-3398
http://hdl.handle.net/2299/4380
Selected for the European Union AGORA project: Scholarly Open Access Research in European Philosophy (2011-2013). http://wab.uib.no/ojs/agora-alws/article/view/1261/972

Biggs, M.A.R. (2001) ‘Visual Reasoning: I see what you mean’ in: Cooper, R. and V. Branco (eds.) desire designum design. 4th European Academy of Design conference proceedings, 314-319. Aveiro, Portugal: University of Aveiro.
ISBN 972-789-024-5
http://hdl.handle.net/2299/4381

Biggs, M.A.R. (2000) ‘Editorial: the foundations of practice-based research’ Working Papers in Art and Design, 1, Electronic publication. Hatfield: University of Hertfordshire.
ISSN 1466-4917
http://www.sitem.herts.ac.uk/artdes_research/papers/wpades/vol1/vol1intro.html
http://hdl.handle.net/2299/150

Biggs, M.A.R. (2000) ‘On Method: the problem of objectivity’ in: Durling, D. and K. Friedman (eds) Doctoral Education in Design: foundations for the future. Stoke-on-Trent, UK: Staffordshire University Press, 209-214.
ISBN 1-897898-64-9
http://hdl.handle.net/2299/4385

Biggs, M.A.R. (1999) ‘Interpreting Wittgenstein’s Graphics’ in:
Paton R. and I. Neilson (eds) Visual Representations and Interpretations. London: Springer Verlag, 322-328.
DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4471-0563-3_36
ISBN 1-85233-082-1

Biggs, M.A.R. (1998) ‘Ludwig Wittgenstein: a visual concordance to the published works.’ Minerva, 2, University of Limerick, Eire, November 1998.
ISSN 1393-614X
http://www.minerva.mic.ul.ie/vol2/Ver_33/index.htm

Biggs, M.A.R. (1998) ‘Wittgenstein: graphics, normativity and paradigms’ in: Krüger, W. and A. Pichler (eds) Arbeiten zu Wittgenstein. Skriftserie fra Wittgensteinarkivet ved Universitetet i Bergen, No.15, 8-22. Bergen, Norway: University of Bergen Press.
ISBN 82-91071-18-7 213pp.
http://hdl.handle.net/2299/4386

Biggs, Michael and Claus Huitfeldt (eds), Selmer Bringsjord, Paul Bohan-Broderick, Espen S. Ore, Alois Pichler, Darrell Raymond, Allen Renear, Michael Sperberg-McQueen. Philosophy and Electronic Publishing. Theory and Metatheory in the Development of Text Encoding. The Monist, 80(3), July 1997, 348-367.
ISSN 0026-9662
DOI: 10.5840/monist199780323
http://hhobel.phl.univie.ac.at/mii/mii/node5.html

Nyíri, J.C. (ed.), Michael A.R. Biggs, Gergely Kovesd, Phil Mullins, Margit Pohl, László Turi. The Concept of Knowledge in the Context of Electronic Networking. The Monist, 80(3), July 1997, 405-422.
ISSN 0026-9662
DOI: 10.5840/monist199780320
http://philo.at/mii/mii/mii.html

Biggs, M.A.R. (1996) ‘Knowledge and Advancement through Models’ Working Papers on Design, 1: 139-150.
ISSN 1365-3571
https://uhra.herts.ac.uk/id/eprint/462/
http://hdl.handle.net/2299/4387

Biggs, M.A.R. (1996) ‘Designing a Graphical Index to Wittgenstein's Nachlaß’ Wittgenstein Studien, 5 Passau, Germany, July 1996.
ISSN 0943-5727
ISBN 3-211-82655-6
http://www.phil.uni-passau.de/dlwg/ws05/16-1-96.html
http://hdl.handle.net/2299/4726

Biggs, M.A.R. (1996) ‘Farbe und Kommunikation: Wittgenstein und Waismann’ Übersetzung von Dirk Kingerske Mitteilungen aus dem Brenner-Archiv, 14: 57-64. Innsbruck, Austria, March 1996. [German]
ISSN 1027-5649
http://hdl.handle.net/2299/4388

Biggs, M.A.R. (1995) Editing Wittgenstein's ‘Notes on Logic’ 2 vols. Skriftserie fra Wittgensteinarkivet ved Universitetet i Bergen, No.11. Bergen, Norway: University of Bergen Press.
ISBN 82-91071-12-8 (set), viii+80pp & iv+138pp.
Volume 1: http://hdl.handle.net/2299/4389
Volume 2: http://hdl.handle.net/2299/4390

Biggs, M.A.R. (1995) ‘Graphical Problems in Wittgenstein's Nachlaß’ in: Johannessen, K. and Nordenstam, T. (eds) Culture and Value: Philosophy and the Cultural Sciences, 751-761. Kirchberg a/W, Austria: Die Österreichische Ludwig Wittgenstein Gesellschaft.
ISSN 1022-3398 xiii+795pp.
http://hdl.handle.net/2299/4391

Biggs, M.A.R. and A. Pichler Wittgenstein: Two Source Catalogues and a Bibliography. Skriftserie fra Wittgensteinarkivet ved Universitetet i Bergen, No.7: Bergen, Norway, 1993.
ISBN 82-91071-06-3 175pp.
http://www.hit.uib.no/wab/el_texts/no7/no7.pdf

reviewed by Erich Ammereller in:
Philosophical Investigations, 18(2) 173-177. Oxford, April 1995
ISSN 0190-0536
DOI 10.1111/j.1467-9205.1995.tb00322.x
revised and translated into German in:
Pichler, A. Untersuchungen zu Wittgensteins Nachlaß. Skriftserie fra Wittgensteinarkivet ved Universitetet i Bergen, No.8, 189-231: Bergen, Norway, 1994.
ISBN 82-91071-07-1 241pp.

Biggs, M.A.R. (1992) ‘Continuity and Discontinuity in Visual Experience’ Crítica, XXIV (70) 3-15. Mexico City, April 1992.
ISSN 0011-1503
DOI: 10.22201/iifs.18704905e.1992.818
https://critica.filosoficas.unam.mx/index.php/critica/article/view/818
http://hdl.handle.net/2299/4392